Lakefilling is the practice of creating new land by placing rubble, stone, concrete, brick and loose earth into shallow areas in lakes and rivers. Lakefilling projects include the creation of land for parks, marinas and wildlife preserves. In some cases, the fill degrades the quality of the water and sediment and has deleterious effects on aquatic organisms (1).

Reference
1. Persaud, D., Hayton, A., Jaagumagi, R. and Rutherford, G. March, 2003. Fill quality guidelines for lakefilling in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment.